The human microbiome, particularly the gut and reproductive tract microbiota, plays a critical role in regulating fertility through complex molecular and immunological mechanisms. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on the …
From an immunological perspective, infertility mechanisms encompass not only fertilization but also implantation, as well as both early and late pregnancy loss. Growing attention is being directed towards the influence …
Adult endometrial glands undergo cyclic regeneration and development during the menstrual cycle. Their secretions are vital for endometrial functions and early pregnancy, yet the mechanisms controlling gland development are not …
Peritoneal endometriosis causes pelvic pain and infertility, but the underlying mechanisms related to these symptoms are not fully understood. Endometriosis diagnosis is typically delayed; thus, patient samples are unsuitable to …
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established etiological agent for cervical cancer, yet its contribution to endometrial malignancies remains underrecognized and mechanistically distinct. This paper synthesizes current evidence to explain the …
Endometriosis (EM) is a persistent, chronic inflammatory condition associated with excruciating pelvic pain and infertility. The absence of a pre-clinical model that reliably replicates the clinical and functional hallmarks of …
Iron is an essential micronutrient element for human. It participates in energy metabolism, enzyme activation, immune system and other metabolic functions. In this review, the potential role of iron in …
Endometriosis, a chronic estrogen-dependent disease, is associated with a risk of developing gynecological cancers. The mechanisms of this association remain unclear, but emerging evidence implicates key signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR …
Abnormal expression levels of microRNAs are associated with numerous diseases in the female reproductive tract. A small subset of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) genes have retained open reading frames (ORFs) …
Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, leading to chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and a …