Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging hybrid biomedical imaging modality that combines the high molecular contrast of optical excitation with the deep tissue penetration of ultrasound detection. This review presents …
Ovarian endometrioma is a common form of endometriosis associated with chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and diminished ovarian reserve. Although anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is widely used to evaluate ovarian reserve, it …
Endometriosis affects 6%-10% of women of reproductive age and is associated with chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and impaired quality of life. The endometriosis fertility index (EFI) predicts spontaneous pregnancy postoperatively, …
Precise staging of endometriosis remains a clinical challenge, as current diagnosis depends almost entirely on laparoscopic visualization-an invasive procedure marked by considerable inter-observer disagreement and diagnostic delays. Existing non-invasive approaches, …
Mullerian anomalies are frequently associated with endometriosis, particularly in the presence of genital tract obstruction; however, the anatomical distribution and determinants of disease in this population remain incompletely characterized. Most …
Adenomyosis is a heterogeneous, nonmalignant uterine disorder characterized by ectopic endometrium within the myometrium, leading to abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and subfertility. Once considered a disease of …
Diaphragmatic endometriosis is a rare and often underrecognized manifestation of extrapelvic endometriosis that may lead to severe complications such as diaphragmatic rupture or herniation. We report the case of a …
Endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common, multifactorial gynecological disorders shaped by endocrine imbalance, immune dysfunction, metabolic disruption, genetic susceptibility, and environmental exposures. Despite their major contribution to infertility …