The human microbiome, particularly the gut and reproductive tract microbiota, plays a critical role in regulating fertility through complex molecular and immunological mechanisms. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on the …
From an immunological perspective, infertility mechanisms encompass not only fertilization but also implantation, as well as both early and late pregnancy loss. Growing attention is being directed towards the influence …
Nearly a century has passed since a seminal review article was published in 1928 in Archives of Pathology on ectopic endometriosis, presenting the dominant pathogenetic theories of the era: the …
The cervicovaginal microbiome-spanning from the vagina to endometrium-remains undercharacterized in endometriosis-associated infertility. Objective: To determine whether combined vaginal and cervical microbial profiles predict frozen embryo transfer (FET) outcomes.
Endometriomas can be managed through various approaches, including careful observation, medical suppressive therapy, or surgical intervention. Malignancy is rarely a concern in women of reproductive age, making pain relief and …
The immunology of fertilization, implantation and pregnancy is based on a complex balance between maternal immune tolerance and a controlled inflammatory response. Adaptation of the maternal immune system is essential …
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are central to peripheral immune tolerance and act as key players that sustain the immune homeostasis required for embryo receptivity, implantation, and placentation. Treg dysfunction accelerates inflammation, …
tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) generated from precursor or mature tRNAs under stress conditions, such as starvation, hypoxia, or oxidative stress. They are broadly classified …
Endometriosis is a common, chronic disease with a high burden for women, characterised by the implantation of endometrial cells outside the uterus. Many different treatments have been proposed for this …
A healthy reproductive system is fundamental to human fertility. N6-adenosine methylation (m6A), the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotes, plays a critical role in regulating RNA metabolism, including splicing, degradation, …