Despite a high prevalence, menstrual issues are often normalised or trivialised and undermanaged in young people (YP). Uncontrolled dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstrual bleeding have a vastly negative impact on the …
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a synthetic progestogen, is extensively used for the treatment of various conditions, including contraception, irregular menstruation, functional uterine bleeding, and endometriosis. However, like all pharmaceutical agents, MPA …
Norethindrone acetate (NETA) is commonly used in adolescent patients for management of heavy menstrual bleeding, menstrual suppression, and endometriosis. Clinical guidelines do not address specific dosing strategies, clinical indications, contraindications, …
Endometriosis is a benign, estrogen-dependent, persistent chronic inflammatory heterogeneous condition that features fibrotic adhesions caused by periodic bleeding. The characteristic ectopic lesions are marked by a widely spread dense fibrotic …
Adenomyosis is a special subtype of endometriosis, affecting the myometrium, affecting about 20% of women in the reproductive age period. Clinical symptoms and intensity are diverse and can vary from …
BACKGROUND Complete placenta previa (CPP) is a life-threatening condition with increasing incidence worldwide. This retrospective study investigated the impact of prior cesarean delivery on pregnancy outcomes in women with CPP. …
Background and study aims Rectal mucosal prolapse syndrome (RMPS) usually manifests as rectal bleeding and tenesmus. Endoscopically it can be easily misdiagnosed as malignant rectal tumor (MRT). This study aimed …
Spontaneous hemoperitoneum in pregnancy (SHIP) is defined as sudden, nontraumatic intraperitoneal bleeding that occurs during pregnancy or up to 42 days postpartum. The incidence ranges between 4 and 4.9 per …
In endometriosis, the tissues similar to the endometrial tissue attaches outside the uterine cavity, causing inflammation and fibrosis. The retrograde menstruation theory is the most plausible mechanism, though the detailed …
Adenomyosis is characterized by the invasion of endometrial glands and stroma into the myometrium. Its clinical manifestations often include dysmenorrhoea, excessive menstrual bleeding and infertility. Reduced pregnancy and live birth …