Chronic visceral pain affects over 20% of adults globally but remains poorly understood, significantly impacting quality of life and healthcare costs. Limited understanding and diagnostic misconceptions hinder effective management, particularly …
Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease with considerable symptom load in affected female patients. Cyclic pain (associated with menstruation) dominates in most patients, but few patients suffer from persistent non-cyclic …
Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is considered a human proxy for descending inhibitory pain pathways. However, there is wide variation in the CPM response described in the literature and ongoing debate …
Endometriosis is an inflammatory chronic condition associated with nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic pain. Central sensitization (CS) is the primary nociplastic pain mechanism. However, there are currently no standardized methods for …