Extrauterine mesonephric-like carcinoma (ExUMLC) is a rare female genital tract tumor associated with advanced stage disease and distant recurrences. Although there is a histologic and mutational overlap with extrauterine low …
Angiogenesis mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is essential for physiological vascular remodeling but also drives pathological processes, including tumor growth, ocular neovascularization, and inflammation. Emerging evidence has …
Sex hormone related disorders, characterized by complex etiology and long-term health risks, pose a significant challenge to global health. Hormone-based therapies are often accompanied by adverse effects and fail to …
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) or carcinoid tumors are rare neoplasms originating from neuroendocrine cells, most commonly found in the appendix. While NETs are often asymptomatic, they may present with abdominal pain, …
Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer remains one of the most important unmet needs in gynecologic oncology because survival is strongly stage-dependent and most patients still present with disseminated disease. Conventional …
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging hybrid biomedical imaging modality that combines the high molecular contrast of optical excitation with the deep tissue penetration of ultrasound detection. This review presents …
BackgroundMesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) is a rare type of Müllerian carcinoma that poses significant diagnostic challenges, especially at extrauterine sites. Its morphologic and immunophenotypic overlap with other carcinomas can lead to …
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a calcium-dependent protein with high affinity for phospholipids, and its multifunctional nature has drawn increasing attention in the onset and progression of various disorders of the …
Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent disorder affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Increasing epidemiological and molecular evidence indicates that it may represent a precursor condition for a subset …