Angiogenesis mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is essential for physiological vascular remodeling but also drives pathological processes, including tumor growth, ocular neovascularization, and inflammation. Emerging evidence has …
Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis is an exceptionally rare malignancy that typically develops at prior surgical scar sites. We report a case of a woman in her …
Polypoid endometriosis is a rare benign variant of endometriosis characterized by exuberant mass-forming endometrial tissue that can closely mimic aggressive pelvic malignancy on imaging. Although it most commonly affects peri- …
Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is an extremely uncommon uterine malignancy, and commonly arises from preexisting endometriosis. On rare occasions, ESS arises from extrauterine tissues and is known as extra-uterine ESS. …
Intestinal endometriosis is a benign condition characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue within the bowel wall, often mimicking colorectal malignancy. Its coexistence with ulcerative colitis (UC) is rare and …
Rectosigmoid endometriosis is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction and may closely mimic colorectal malignancy, particularly when imaging findings are nonspecific. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman who …
Xanthogranulomatous oophoritis (XGO) is a rare chronic inflammatory con-dition that can mimic ovarian malignancy both clinically and radiologically. It is characterized by foamy histiocytes and inflammatory infiltrates, often leading to …
Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder that can be considered in two major categories based on whether the endometrium invades the myometrium: adenomyosis, in which the endometrial glands and mesenchyme …
Trousseau's syndrome is a malignancy-associated hypercoagulable state characterized by recurrent or migratory thromboembolic events. Although frequently linked to adenocarcinomas, its association with endometrioid ovarian carcinoma in young patients is infrequently …